Saturday, September 26, 2015

Characterization of Acute and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes in Canada

The prevalence and distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Canada is not known. Genotypic analysis may contribute to a better understanding of HBV strain distribution and transmission risk.

HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive samples of acute (n = 152) and chronic (n = 1533) HBV submitted for strain analysis or reference genotype testing between 2006 and 2012 were analyzed. The HBsAg coding region was amplified to determine the HBV genotype by INNO-LiPA assay or sequence analysis. Single and multivariate analyses were used to describe genotypes' associations with known demographic and behavioral risk factors for 126 linked cases of acute HBV.

Nine genotypes were detected (A to I), including mixed infections. Genotype C (HBV/C) dominated within chronic infections while HBV/D and A prevailed among acute HBV cases. History of incarceration and residing with a chronic HBV carrier or injection drug user were the most frequently reported risks for acute HBV infection. Over time, HBV/A increased among both acute and chronic infections, and HBV/C and HBV/D decreased among chronic infections.

Chronic and acute HBV genotypes in Canada differ in the relative distribution and their associations with known risk factors, suggesting different routes of transmission and clinical progression of infection.


Below:  Genotype distribution for chronic HBV cases from Western Canada (n = 636; a), Central Canada (n = 298; b), the Prairies region (n = 532; c), and the Maritimes region (n = 67; d).




Below: Genotype distribution for acute HBV cases from Western Canada (n = 118; a), and Central Canada (n = 34; b).




Below: Relative distribution of acute HBV cases by genotype and year of report (a), and relative distribution of prevalent HBV cases by genotype and year of report (b).




Read more at:  http://goo.gl/nfss5N 

By: Osiowy C1Giles E1Trubnikov M2Choudhri Y2Andonov A1.
  • 1National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
  • 2Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

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