The prevalence and distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Canada is not known. Genotypic analysis may
contribute to a better understanding of HBV strain distribution and
transmission risk.
HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive samples of acute (n = 152) and chronic (n = 1533) HBV submitted for strain analysis
or reference genotype testing between 2006 and 2012 were analyzed. The HBsAg
coding region was amplified to determine the HBV genotype by INNO-LiPA assay or
sequence analysis. Single and multivariate analyses were used to describe genotypes'
associations with known demographic and behavioral risk factors for 126 linked
cases of acute HBV.
Nine genotypes were
detected (A to I), including mixed infections. Genotype C (HBV/C) dominated
within chronic infections
while HBV/D and A prevailed among acute HBV
cases. History of incarceration and residing with a chronic HBV carrier or injection drug user were the
most frequently reported risks for acute HBV
infection. Over time, HBV/A increased among both acute and chronic infections,
and HBV/C and HBV/D decreased among chronic infections.
Chronic and acute HBV genotypes in Canada differ
in the relative distribution and their associations with known risk factors,
suggesting different routes of transmission and clinical progression of
infection.
Below: Genotype distribution for acute HBV cases from Western Canada (n = 118; a), and Central Canada (n = 34; b).
Below: Relative distribution of acute HBV cases by genotype and year of report (a), and relative distribution of prevalent HBV cases by genotype and year of report (b).
Read more at: http://goo.gl/nfss5N
By: Osiowy C1, Giles E1, Trubnikov M2, Choudhri Y2, Andonov A1.
- 1National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
- 2Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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