Despite consistent evidence of the familiality of substance
misuse, the mechanisms by which family history (FH) increases the risk of
addiction are not well understood. One behavioral trait that may mediate the
risk for substance use and addiction is delay discounting (DD), which
characterizes an individual's preferences for smaller immediate rewards
compared to larger future rewards.
The aim of this study is to examine the interrelationships
among FH, DD, and diverse aspects of personal substance use, and to test DD as
a mediator of the relationship between FH and personal substance use.
The study used crowdsourcing to recruit a community sample
of adults (N = 732). Family history was assessed using a brief assessment of
perceived parental substance use problems, personal substance use was assessed
using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and a measure of frequency
of use, and delay discounting was assessed using a latent index of discounting
preferences across six reward magnitudes.
Steeper discounting was significantly associated with
personal alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use, and level of substance experimentation.
Steeper DD was also associated with a denser parental FH of alcohol, tobacco,
and overall substance misuse. Parental FH density was significantly associated
with several aspects of personal substance use, and these relationships were
partially mediated by DD.
The current study suggests that impulsivity, as measured by
DD, is one proximal mechanism by which parental FH increases substance use
later in life. The causal role of DD in this relationship will need to be
established in future longitudinal studies.
Via: http://ht.ly/SLsr2 Purchase
full article at: http://goo.gl/Fw0KzK
By:
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-3013, USA.
- 2Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- 4Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-3013, USA
- 5Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3K7, Canada
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