The consumption of psycho-active substances (PAS) by
pregnant women is in a growing increase around the world. It is a major problem
of public health in some countries due to serious and negative consequences for
children and society as well as for pregnant women. This problem has also
increased among women in Morocco. However, it is still neglected and underrated
in the absence of any official statistical data. This is the first study
leading to a better profiling of pregnant women who may consume psycho-active
substances during their pregnancy; it would permit better medical and
psychosocial care of both women and children.
To determine the prevalence and the factors associated with
the psycho-active substances used by pregnant women and describe their
socio-demographic characteristics.
A trans-sectional study was carried out from September to
October 2010, including pregnant women consulting at the obstetrical service of
the provincial hospital Moulay Abdellah in the city of Salé. The study included
women who were pregnant or had recently given birth, and not having any serious
mental disorders that could have upset their cognitive abilities. The data was
collected through a straight questionnaire of 25 items specifying the
socio-demographic characteristics, data about pregnancy and habits of using
psycho-active substances.
One hundred and fifty pregnant women were included in the
study.
- The majority of them (83.2%) were aged 20 to 40 years old,
- 94.6% were married,
- 96% were unemployed and depended on their spouses for their financial resources
- and 80% had normal domestic relationships (from average to good quality).
Among the women, 31.3% of them reported traumatic events in the past.
The prevalence of psycho-active substance consumption by the pregnant women of
our sample was 11.3%. The used substances were tobacco (9.3%) and cannabis
(4%). These women were more likely to have a low level of education (47.1 vs
16.5). They were victims of abuse or neglect in their past (82.3 vs 24.9), and
their relationships with their spouses were bad (70.6 vs 13.5) with a lack of
desired pregnancy (47.1 vs 27.8) and poor follow-up (47.1 vs 3.8). The results
show statistically significant differences.
Not only should decision-makers draw attention to the
seriousness of the problem because of the relatively high rate of psycho-active
substance consumption, but also they should increase obstetric team's awareness
to look systematically for psycho-active substance use.
- 1Hôpital psychiatrique universitaire Ar-razi, CHU Rabat-Salé, rue Ibn-Rochd, 11010 Salé, Maroc
- 2Hôpital psychiatrique universitaire Ar-razi, CHU Rabat-Salé, rue Ibn-Rochd, 11010 Salé, Maroc.
- 3Équipe de recherche en pharmaco-épidémiologie & pharmaco-économie, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Mohammed V Souissi, avenue Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, B.P. 6203, Rabat, Maroc.
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