In the past decade, several studies have focused on the
treatment needs of female inmates with substance abuse problems. An important
finding has been that these women are more likely to report histories of
sexual, physical, and emotional abuse-at rates varying from 77% to 90%. The
trauma resulting from this kind of abuse is a key contributing factor in
behavioral problems in adolescence and subsequent delinquency, substance abuse,
and criminality in adulthood.
This was a retrospective clinical study. A convenience
sample of 112 women who entered the program's treatment groups consecutively
for one year form part of the study. Information on traumatic events was
obtained using some questions from the Initial Trauma Review. It explores
whether the participant experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, disasters,
automobile accidents, or witnessed violence under the age of 18. It also
examines experiences as an adult, including sexual and physical abuse, attacks
by others who are not intimate partners, and abuse by authorities.
Revictimization in sexual abuse was found in 78.1% of
participants. Significant differences were identified between women who had
experienced a traumatic sexual event from a person five years their senior
before the age of 18 and then suffered from sexual violence as an adult, and
women who had never undergone either of these events (x(2) = 11.3, df 112/1,
p = <.001). In physical abuse, the figure was 82.17%. Differences were
observed between women who were revictimized through physical abuse before and
after the age of 18 (x(2) = 5.91, df 112/1, p = <.01), and those who had not
experienced any kind of revictimization. Significant differences were found
between women who had suffered a traumatic sexual event as a child and subsequently
physical violence from their parents, and women who had not undergone either of
these events (x(2) = 3.48, df 112/1, p = <.05).
Investment in treatment in these areas during the prison
sentence and after release may contribute to preventing these women from become
repeat offenders. Creating sources of work and halfway houses that continue the
program to prevent relapses into substance use can help defend the human rights
of this group of women and achieve social justice.
Table 2
Lifetime drug use
| Yes | No | Age of onset (Media and deviation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | n | % | ||
| Alcohol | 109 | (97.3) | 3 | (2.7) | 14.90 (5.61) |
| Tobacco | 110 | (98.2) | 2 | (1.8) | 14.99 (5.90) |
| Marihuana | 101 | (89.3) | 11 | (10.7) | 20.16 (8.32) |
| Cocaine | 95 | (83.9) | 17 | (16.1) | 24.13 (32.07) |
| Heroin | 9 | (7.2) | 103 | (92.8) | 17.89 (9.04) |
| Hallucinogens | 20 | (18.9) | 92 | (81.1) | 17.75 (5.57) |
| Inhalants | 63 | (57.1) | 49 | (42.9) | 17.08 (6.60) |
| Amphetamines | 22 | (19.3) | 90 | (80.7) | 20.77 (7.67) |
| Opiates | 2 | (0.9) | 110 | (99.1) | 22.50 (3.53) |
| Tranquilizers | 54 | (49.5) | 58 | (50.5) | 21.00 (6.06) |
| Sedatives | 5 | (4.8) | 107 | (95.2) | 21.40 (6.58) |
| Stimulants | 4 | (3.7) | 108 | (96.3) | 21.25 (9.50) |
| Other drugs | 11 | (15.9) | 101 | (84.1) | 20.0 (9.06) |
Below: Disasters, accidents, witnessed suicide, kidnapping
Below: Physical and sexual abuse before 18 years
Below: Adult physical and sexual abuse
Below: Traumatic events distributions
Full article at:
By:
- 1Monte Fénix. Las Flores 439. San Angel Inn. Delegación Alvaro, Delegación Alvaro Obregón, 01060, D. F, México
- 2Monte Fénix. Las Flores 439. San Angel Inn. Delegación Alvaro, Delegación Alvaro Obregón, 01060, D. F, México
- 3Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Camino a Xochimilco 101. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370, D. F
- 4Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Camino a Xochimilco 101. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370, D. F, México
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