Multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an emerging
challenge for TB control programs globally. According to World health
organization, 2012 report Ethiopia stands 15 th out of the 27 high priority countries in the
world and 3 rd in Africa. Updated knowledge of the magnitude
of MDR-TB is so substantial to allocate resources, and to address prevention
and control measures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the
prevalence of MDR-TB and associated risk factors in West Armachiho and Metema
districts of North Gondar.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in West Armachiho and
Metema districts between February 01 and June 25, 2014. A total of 124
consecutive smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients were included in the
study. Socio-demographic and possible risk factor data were collected using a
semi-structured questionnaire. Drug susceptibility testing was first performed
for rifampicin using GeneXpert MTB/RIF. For those rifampicin resistant strains,
drug susceptibility testing was performed for both isoniazid and rifampicin to
identify MDR-TB using the proportional method on LJ media. Data were analyzed
using statistical Package SPSS version 20; binary logistic regression was used
to assess the association. P-values < 0.05 were considered as
statistically significant.
Of 124 smear-positive pulmonary TB patients, 117
(94.4 %) were susceptible to Rifampicin, while 7 (5.7 %) were
confirmed to be resistant to Rifampicin and Isoniazid. The overall prevalence
of MDR-TB was 5.7 % (2.3 % among new cases and 13.9 % among
previously treated cases). History of previous treatment (OR = 7, P = 0.025)
was significantly associated risk factor for MDR-TB.
The overall prevalence of MDR-TB was 5.7 % among cases
at five health centers and a history of previous treatment was found to be a
risk factor for being infected by an MDR-TB strain. Therefore, maximizing early
case detection and treatment, strengthening TB infection control activities and
proper implementation of DOTS are recommended to reduce the burden of MDR-TB.
Full article
at:
By:
1Management Science for Health (MSH),
HEAL-TB, Gondar, Ethiopia
2Department of Microbiology, School of
Biomedical and Laboratory sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences,
University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
3Department of Public Health, College of
Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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