The Computational Psychiatry of Reward: Broken Brains or Misguided Minds?

Research into the biological basis of emotional and motivational disorders is in danger of riding roughshod over a patient-centered psychiatry and falling into the dualist errors of the past, i.e., by treating mind and brain as conceptually distinct. 

We argue that a psychiatry informed by computational neuroscience, computational psychiatry, can obviate this danger. Through a focus on the reasoning processes by which humans attempt to maximize reward (and minimize punishment), and how such reasoning is expressed neurally, computational psychiatry can render obsolete the polarity between biological and psychosocial conceptions of illness. Here, the term ‘psychological’ comes to refer to information processing performed by biological agents, seen in light of underlying goals. We reflect on the implications of this perspective for a definition of mental disorder, including what is entailed in asserting that a particular disorder is ‘biological’ or ‘psychological’ in origin. 

We propose that a computational approach assists in understanding the topography of mental disorder, while cautioning that the point at which eccentric reasoning constitutes disorder often remains a matter of cultural judgment.

I’m gonna, I’m gonna lose my baby/So I always keep a bottle near

[The psychiatrist] said, “I just think you’re depressed.”/This, me, yeah, baby, and the rest.

A. Winehouse (2007), musician who died of alcohol intoxication in 2011

Full article at: http://goo.gl/AgwBjj

By: M. Moutoussis,1,* G. W. Story,1,2 and R. J. Dolan1,3

¹Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK

²Centre for Health Policy, Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College, London, UK

³Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK

  

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