There is a paucity of studies
looking at associations between Mycoplasma genitalium and pelvic inflammatory
disease (PID). The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of
M. genitalium in women attending a sexual health service in New Zealand and
secondly to examine for an association of M. genitalium with PID.
Women consecutively attending
the service for a sexual health screen (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria
gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis) were recruited to establish a baseline
prevalence of M. genitalium. An extra cervical swab was taken for the detection
of M. genitalium. Recruitment of additional women with a clinical diagnosis of
PID continued until a sufficient sample size was obtained to examine the
association of PID with M. genitalium. Women in the baseline sample without PID
were used as the control group.
The control group included
250 women, with M. genitalium diagnosed in 8.7% (95% CI 5.8-12.9%) and C.
trachomatis in 9.9% (95% CI 6.8-14.2%). Ninety-one women were recruited with
PID; M. genitalium was diagnosed in 9.9% (95% CI 5.3-17.7%) and C. trachomatis
in 27.5% (95% CI 19.4-37.4%). Multivariate analysis using clinically relevant
variables showed that a diagnosis of C. trachomatis (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.24-4.81)
but not M. genitalium (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.38-2.20) was significantly associated
with a PID diagnosis.
M. genitalium was almost as
commonly diagnosed as C. trachomatis in this population. C. trachomatis was the
only infection that was significantly associated with PID.
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By: Jeannie Oliphant A B and Sunita Azariah A
A Auckland Sexual Health Service, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Private Bag 92024, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
B Corresponding author. Email: jeannieo@adhb.govt.nz
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