A 2009 systematic review
found that the total cost of prescription opioid abuse in 2001 in the United
States was approximately $8.6 billion and medical expenses were estimated to be
$15,884 for opioid abusers and $1,830 for nonabusers.
A search was conducted
for English publications on the cost of prescription opioid abuse and misuse
from 2009 to 2014. The initial literature search identified 5,412 citations.
Title and abstract review selected 59 for further review. The final review
process resulted in 16 publications for inclusion that examined cost from the
payer perspective.
Mean costs to the payer for abusers were $23,000-$25,000 per
year and excess costs approximately $15,000 per patient.
Three papers were
identified that presented societal costs, including direct and indirect costs
such as criminal justice costs and costs associated with lost productivity. The
strongest evidence suggests that societal cost is in excess of $50 billion per
year in the United States.
Prescription opioid abuse and misuse is a common and
important problem throughout the world that has significant associated societal
costs and excess medical costs.
...Rossiter et al.21 examined
a population of patients who were continuous users of extended release opioids.
Overall costs were highest in commercially insured patients, $37,846, with
Medicare eligible, $34,965, and Medicaid, $34,607, being lower and similar.
Excess costs in each of the cohorts ranged from $9,456 to $11,501. Tkacz
et al.22 compared
chronic pain patients with potentially problematic opioid use (PPOU) with
patients taking buprenorphine/naloxone and controls. That study found that the
PPOU patients had the highest overall costs, $38,553. Buprenorphine/naloxone
patients had health care costs of $28,583 and controls $26,193. Xie et al.24 evaluated
patients who had been hospitalized or treated in an ED and had no prior opioid
prescription in the prior 12 months and compared those who received opioids
during the hospitalization or ED visit and those that did not. Patients who
received an opioid during the visit had much higher overall costs than patients
who did not receive an opioid ($49,766 vs. $19,875). A summary of the cost
per diagnosed opioid abuse patient per year, cost per control patient, and
excess cost (cost for abusers –cost for controls) is shown in Table 3...
Full article at: http://goo.gl/roAvma
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