HIV Insight: History of Gonorrhea & Prostate Cancer in a Population-Based Case-Control Study in Mexico

Abstract

We evaluated the association between a history of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the risk for prostate cancer (PC) among Mexican males.

METHODS:

PC incident cases (n=402) that were identified at six public hospitals in Mexico City were matched by age (±5 years) with 805 population controls with no history of PC. By face-to-face interview, we obtained information about sexual history, previous STDs, sociodemographic characteristics, and familial history of PC. An unconditional logistic regression model was used to estimate the risk for PC.

RESULTS:

A total of 16.6% of men reported having had at least one previous STD, and the most frequently reported STD was gonorrhea (10.5%). After adjusting by PC familial history, the history of STD was associated with a two-fold greater risk of PC: odds ratio (OR)=2.67; 95% confidence interval (95% CI=1.91-3.73). When each STD was evaluated separately, only gonorrhea was associated with a significant increase in PC risk (OR=3.04; 95% CI=1.99-4.64). These associations were similar when we stratified by low-risk PC (Gleason <7) and high-risk PC (Gleason ≥7).

CONCLUSION:

These results confirm that STDs, and particularly gonorrhea, may play an etiological role in PC among Mexican males, which is consistent with a previous report from a multiethnic cohort.

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By: Vázquez-Salas RA1, Torres-Sánchez L2, López-Carrillo L1, Romero-Martínez M1, Manzanilla-García HA3, Cruz-Ortíz CH3, Mendoza-Peña F4, Jiménez-Ríos MÁ5, Rodríguez-Covarrubias F6, Hernández-Toríz N7, Moreno-Alcázar O8.

1Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Av. Universidad 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
2Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Av. Universidad 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. Electronic address: ltorress@insp.mx.
3Hospital General de México, Dr. Balmis 148, Col. Doctores, Deleg. Cuauhtémoc, 06726 México, D.F., Mexico.
4Hospital Regional "Lic. Adolfo López Mateos" (ISSSTE), Av. Universidad 1321, Col. Florida Deleg. Álvaro Obregón, 01030 México, D.F., Mexico.
5Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Deleg. Tlalpan, 14080 México, D.F., Mexico.
6Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Av. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Col. Sección XVI, Deleg. Tlalpan, 14080 México, D.F, Mexico.
7Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Siglo XXI (CMN-SXXI), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Deleg. Cuauhtémoc, México, D.F., 06720, Mexico.
8Hospital General Regional No. 1. "Carlos MacGregor Sánchez Navarro" (IMSS), Eje 2 Pte 222, Col. Del Valle Centro, Deleg. Benito Juárez, 03100 México, D.F., Mexico.