Daily Consumption of Ready-To-Use Peanut-Based Therapeutic Food Increased Fat Free Mass, Improved Anemic Status But Has No Impact on the Zinc Status of People Living with HIV/AIDS
BACKGROUND:
Food
insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa and malnutrition constitute the main obstacles
for successful treatment of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). The aim of this
study was to assess the effect of consuming daily 100 g RUTF (ready-to-use
therapeutic food) as supplement, on body composition, anemia and zinc status of
hospitalized PLWH in Senegal.
METHODS:
A
Controlled clinical trial was conducted in 65 PLWH randomly allocated to
receive either standard hospital diet alone (Control group: n = 33), or the
standard diet supplemented with 100 g RUTF/day (RUTF group: n = 32).
Supplementation was continued at home during 9 weeks. Individual dietary
intakes were measured and compared to the Recommended Dietary Allowances. Body
composition was determined using Bio-Impedance Analysis. Hemoglobin was
measured by HemoCue and plasma zinc (PZ) concentration by atomic absorption
spectrometry. PZ was adjusted to infection (CRP and α1-AGP). All measures were
conducted on admission, discharge and after 9 weeks home-based follow up.
RESULTS:
34 and
24 % of the patients in RUTF and Control groups were suffering from severe
malnutrition (BMI < 16 kg/m(2)), respectively. In both groups, more
than 90 % were anemic and zinc deficiency affected over 50 % of the
patients. Food consumed by the Control group represented 75, 14 and 55 %
of their daily recommended intake (DRI) of energy, iron and zinc, respectively.
When 100 g of RUTF was consumed with the standard diet, the DRI of energy
and zinc were 100 % covered (2147 kcal, 10.4 mg, respectively),
but not iron (2.9 mg). After 9 weeks of supplementation, body weight,
and fat-free mass increased significantly by +11 % (p = 0.033), and
+11.8 % (p = 0.033) in the RUTF group, but not in the Control group, while
percentage body fat was comparable between groups (p = 0.888). In the RUTF
group, fat free mass gain is higher in the patients on ART (+11.7 %,
n = 14; p = 0.0001) than in those without ART (+6.2 %, n = 6; p = 0.032).
Anemia decreased significantly with the supplementation, but zinc status,
measured using plasma zinc concentration, remained unchanged.
CONCLUSION:
Improving
PLWH' diet with 100 g RUTF for a long period has a positive impact on
muscle mass and anemia but not on the zinc status of the patients.
- 1Laboratoire de Nutrition, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, BP 5005, Dakar - Fann, Sénégal. adama.diouf@ucad.edu.sn.
- 2Laboratoire de Nutrition, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, BP 5005, Dakar - Fann, Sénégal. badiane21@yahoo.fr.
- 3Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal. noelmagloiremanga@yahoo.fr.
- 4Laboratoire de Nutrition, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, BP 5005, Dakar - Fann, Sénégal. nicole.dossou@ucad.edu.sn.
- 5Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal. papasalifsow@gmail.com.
- 6Laboratoire de Nutrition, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, BP 5005, Dakar - Fann, Sénégal. salimata.wade@ucad.edu.sn.
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