HIV Insight: Trends in Genital Warts by Socioeconomic Status After the Introduction of the National HPV Vaccination Program in Australia: Analysis of National Hospital Data

BACKGROUND:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination targeting females 12-13 years commenced in Australia in 2007, with catch-up of females 13-26 years until the end of 2009. No analyses of HPV vaccination program impact by either socioeconomic or geographic factors have been reported for Australia.

METHODS:

Hospital admissions between July 2004-June 2011 involving a diagnosis of genital warts were obtained from a comprehensive national database. We compared sex- and age-specific admission rates in July 2006-June 2007 (pre-vaccination period) and July 2010-June 2011 (post-vaccination period) according to Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage, nationally and stratified by remoteness area relating to the individual's area of residence, using Poisson/ negative binomial models.

RESULTS:

Admission rates per 100,000 population in females aged 10-19 years (predominantly vaccinated at school), reduced from 42.2 to 6.0 (rate reduction 86.7 %; 95 % CI:82.2-90.0 %) in more disadvantaged areas and from 26.8 to 4.0 (85.0 %; 95 % CI:79.7-88.9 %) in less disadvantaged areas. In females aged 20-29 years (predominantly vaccinated in the community), the decreases were from 73.9 to 26.4 (66.0 %; 95 % CI:57.7-72.6 %) and from 61.9 to 23.8 (61.6 %; 95 % CI:52.9-68.7 %) in more and less disadvantaged areas, respectively. The reductions were similar in more vs less disadvantaged areas both inside major cities (88.6 %; 95 % CI: 82.2-92.7 % vs 87.9 %; 95 % CI:82.6-91.6 % in females aged 10-19 years; 64.0 %; 95 % CI:57.0-69.9 % vs 63.8 %; 95 % CI:52.9-72.1 % for females aged 20-29 years) and outside major cities (88.8 %; 95 % CI: 83.7-92.3 % vs 85.8 %; 95 % CI:73.5-92.4 % in females aged 10-19 years; 71.1 %; 95 % CI:58.8-79.7 % vs 67.6 %; 95 % CI:48.2-79.8 % for females aged 20-29 years). Admission rates in males aged 20-29 years also reduced, by 23.0 % (95 % CI:4.8-37.8 %) and 39.4 % (95 % CI:28.9-48.3 %) in more versus less disadvantaged areas respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The relative reduction in genital warts appears similar in young females across different levels of disadvantage, including within and outside major cities, both for females predominantly vaccinated at school and in the community.

Below: Admissions involving a diagnosis of genital warts (per 100,000 population), by age and socioeconomic status, in a) females and b) males. Males aged 10–19 years were excluded due to the small number of admissions

Below: Admissions involving a diagnosis of genital warts (per 100,000 population), by age, socioeconomic status and remoteness area of residence. a Females 10–19 years; b Females 20–29 years; c Females 30–39 years; d Males 20–29 years; e Males 30–39 years

Below: Admission rate ratio (relative to pre-vaccination mean) by age, SES and remoteness area of residence (females). a and b 10–19 years; c and d 20–29 years; e and f 30–39 years

Below: Admission rate ratio (relative to pre-vaccination mean) by age, SES and remoteness area of residence (males). a and b 20–29 years; c and d 30–39 years

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By: Smith MA1,2,3, Liu B4,5, McIntyre P6, Menzies R7,8,9, Dey A10, Canfell K11,12,13.

1School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. megan.smith@nswcc.org.au.
2Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. megan.smith@nswcc.org.au.
3Present address: Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Kings Cross NSW 1340, PO Box 572, Sydney, NSW, 2011, Australia. megan.smith@nswcc.org.au.
4School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. bette.liu@unsw.edu.au.
5The Sax Institute, Sydney, PO Box K617, Haymarket, NSW, 1240, Australia. bette.liu@unsw.edu.au.
6National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance Children's Hospital, Westmead, Locked Mail Bag 4001, Sydney, 2145, NSW, Australia. peter.mcintyre@health.nsw.gov.au.
7National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance Children's Hospital, Westmead, Locked Mail Bag 4001, Sydney, 2145, NSW, Australia. r.menzies@unsw.edu.au.
8Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. r.menzies@unsw.edu.au.
9Present address: School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. r.menzies@unsw.edu.au.
10National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance Children's Hospital, Westmead, Locked Mail Bag 4001, Sydney, 2145, NSW, Australia. aditi.dey@health.nsw.gov.au.
11School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. karen.canfell@nswcc.org.au.
12Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. karen.canfell@nswcc.org.au.
13Present address: Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Kings Cross NSW 1340, PO Box 572, Sydney, NSW, 2011, Australia. karen.canfell@nswcc.org.au.
BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Feb 1;16(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1347-z.