Women Experiencing the Intergenerationality of Conjugal Violence

Objective:

To analyze the family relationship, in childhood and adolescence, of women who experience conjugal violence.

Method:

Qualitative study. Interviews were held with 19 women, who were experiencing conjugal violence, and who were resident in a community in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (N. 42/2011).

Results:

The data was organized using the Discourse of the Collective Subject, identifying the summary central ideas: they witnessed violence between their parents; they suffered repercussions from the violence between their parents: they were angry about the mother's submission to her partner; and they reproduced the conjugal violence. The discourse showed that the women witnessed, in childhood and adolescence, violence between their parents, and were injured both physically and psychologically. As a result of the mother's submission, feelings of anger arose in the children. However, in the adult phase of their own lives, they noticed that their conjugal life resembled that of their parents, reproducing the violence.

Conclusion:

Investment is necessary in strategies designed to break inter-generational violence, and the health professionals are important in this process, as it is a phenomenon with repercussions in health. Because they work in the Family Health Strategy, which focuses on the prevention of harm and illness, health promotion and interdepartmentality, the nurses are essential in the process of preventing and confronting this phenomenon.

Full article at:  http://goo.gl/gh11lp

By:   Gilvânia Patrícia do Nascimento Paixão, 2 Nadirlene Pereira Gomes, 3 Normélia Maria Freire Diniz, 3 Margaret Ollinda de Souza Carvalho e Lira, 4 Milca Ramaiane da Silva Carvalho, 2 and Rudval Souza da Silva 5

²Doctoral student, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Assistant Professor, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Senhor do Bonfim, BA, Brazil

³PhD, Professor, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil

⁴Doctoral student, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Assistant Professor, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Fundação Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil

⁵Doctoral student, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Assistant Professor, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Senhor do Bonfim, BA, Brazil. Scholarship holder from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil

Corresponding Author: Gilvânia Patrícia do Nascimento Paixão Universidade do Estado da Bahia. Colegiado de Enfermagem Campus VII Rod. Lomanto Júnior, BR 407, km 127 Zona Rural CEP: 48700-000, Senhor do Bonfim, BA, Brasil E-mail: moc.liamg@oaxiap.ainavlig

 

More at:  https://twitter.com/hiv_insight

And: http://twitter.com/Prison_Health

Coinfection by Hepatitis C Is Strongly Associated with Abnormal CD4/CD8 Ratio in HIV Patients under Stable ART in Salvador, Brazil

Proper immune restoration (CD4 count >500 and normal CD4/8 ratio) is reached only by a fraction of HIV patients, despite stable viral suppression. Methods. We present a case-control study to compare HIV patients with viral suppression >1 year, according to immune restoration pattern: adequate response (AR) defined by CD4 > 500 cells/mm3 and CD4/8 ratio >1; partial response (PR = patients with CD4 > 500, but CD4/8 ratio <1); inadequate response (IR = CD4 < 500 cells). Results. We evaluated 293 consecutive patients (89 AR, 112 PR, and 92 IR), 70% males. Male gender (p < 0.01), lower mean CD4 nadir (p < 0.001), higher baseline VL (p = 0.01), previous diagnosis of Tb (p = 0.03), or HCV (p < 0.01) was associated with IR. Likelihood of AR/PR was similar regardless of gender, after adjusting for nadir CD4+ cells count. Longer time under suppressive ART was also associated with a greater chance of AR, but logistic regression identified coinfection by HCV as the main factor associated with abnormal CD4/CD8 ratio. Conclusion. Early initiation of ART and longer time since first undetectable PVL were predictors of AR. Previous HCV diagnosis significantly increases the risk of abnormal CD4/CD8 ratio.

Below: Proportion of patients reaching inadequate, partial, or adequate immune restoration, according to mean CD4 count nadir

Below:  Distribution of patients by immune restoration patterns according to mean nadir CD4 cells and past diagnosis of tuberculosis (a) or HCV infection (b)

Read more at: http://ht.ly/S8ej9

By: Clara Brites-Alves, Eduardo Martins Netto, and Carlos Brites *

Laboratorio de Pesquisas em Infectologia, Complexo Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil