Social-Context Factors, Refusal Self-Efficacy, and Alcohol Use among Female Sex Workers in China

Excessive alcohol use is considered as a health risk behavior that may produce negative health outcomes. Examining predictors of alcohol use in a social or individual context can advance understanding of why people indulge in alcohol use. 

Our research on female sex workers (FSWs) examined associations among several social-context factors (alcohol use by family members, alcohol use by peers, and client-perpetrated pressure or violence), refusal self-efficacy, and alcohol use. 

Seven hundred FSWs were recruited from two cities in Southern China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the direct effects of alcohol use by family members, alcohol use by peers, and client-perpetrated pressure or violence on FSWs’ alcohol use. In addition, the mediation effects of refusal self-efficacy were also examined in the SEM model. 

Results showed that alcohol use by family members and alcohol use by peers significantly predicted FSWs’ alcohol use; the prediction effect of alcohol use by peers on FSWs’ alcohol use was stronger than that of alcohol use by family members; client-perpetrated pressure or violence directly predicted FSWs’ alcohol use and indirectly influenced FSWs’ alcohol use through refusal self-efficacy; refusal self-efficacy directly predicted FSWs’ alcohol use. Administrators of effective intervention programs focused on alcohol use in China should adopt a multilevel approach to reduce negative social influences, particularly the influence from peer, and sex work establishments on FSWs’ alcohol use. 

Meanwhile, training to improve refusal self-efficacy should also be included in intervention programs to reduce FSWs’ alcohol use.

Below:  Associations among social-context factors, refusal self-efficacy and alcohol use of FSWs (N=688)

Full article at: http://goo.gl/kwYF36

By:  Shaobing Su,1 Xiaoming Li,2,* Danhua Lin,3 Chen Zhang,4 Shan Qiao,2 and Yeujiao Zhou5

¹ Eliot-Pearson Department of Child and Human Development, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.

² Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA

³ Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

⁴ Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Institute of Global Health, Nashville, TN, USA

⁵ Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi, China.

Psychol Health Med. 2015; 20(8): 889–895.

Published online 2014 Oct 15. doi:  10.1080/13548506.2014.966727

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Does the Social Context of Early Alcohol Use Affect Risky Drinking in Adolescents? Prospective Cohort Study

There are limited longitudinal data on the associations between different social contexts of alcohol use and risky adolescent drinking.

Australian prospective longitudinal cohort of 1943 adolescents with 6 assessment waves at ages 14–17 years. Drinkers were asked where and how frequently they drank. Contexts were: at home with family, at home alone, at a party with friends, in a park/car, or at a bar/nightclub. The outcomes were prevalence and incidence of risky drinking (≥5 standard drinks (10g alcohol) on a day, past week) and very risky drinking (>20 standard drinks for males and >11 for females) in early (waves 1–2) and late (waves 3–6) adolescence.

Forty-four percent (95 % CI: 41-46 %) reported past-week risky drinking on at least one wave during adolescence (waves 1–6). Drinking at a party was the most common repeated drinking context in early adolescence (28 %, 95 % CI 26-30 %); 15 % reported drinking repeatedly (3+ times) with their family in early adolescence (95 % CI: 14-17 %). For all contexts (including drinking with family), drinking 3+ times in a given context was associated with increased the risk of risky drinking in later adolescence. These effects remained apparent after adjustment for potential confounders (e.g. for drinking with family, adjusted RR 1.9; 95 % CI: 1.5-2.4). Similar patterns were observed for very risky drinking.

Our results suggest that consumption with family does not protect against risky drinking. Furthermore, parents who wish to minimise high risk drinking by their adolescent children might also limit their children’s opportunities to consume alcohol in unsupervised settings.

Below:  Proportion of participants reporting repeated (3+ times) drinking in each context in early adolescence (waves 1 & 2) by sex, with 95 % confidence intervals. Repeated drinking refers to 3+ occasions in the past 6 months, and is relative to not drinking in that context or drinking in that context on only 1 or 2 occasions

Full article at:  http://goo.gl/cfckGn

By:  Louisa Degenhardt^1234*, Helena Romaniuk²⁵⁶, Carolyn Coffey², Wayne D. Hall⁷⁸, Wendy Swift¹, John B. Carlin³⁵, Christina O’Loughlin² and George C. Patton²⁶

¹National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia

²Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia

³School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

⁴Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA

⁵Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia

⁶Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

⁷Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

⁸King’s College London (Institute of Psychiatry), King’s College London, London, UK

 

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