HIV disclosure to sexual partners facilitates joint
decision-making and risk reduction strategies for safer sex behaviors, but
disclosure may be impacted by depression symptoms. Disclosure is also
associated with disclosure self-efficacy, which in turn may also be influenced
by depressive symptoms.
This study examined the relationship between depression and
HIV disclosure to partners following diagnosis among men who have sex with men
(MSM), mediated by disclosure self-efficacy. Newly HIV-diagnosed MSM (n = 92)
who reported sexual activity after diagnosis completed an assessment soon after
diagnosis which measured depressive symptoms, and another assessment within 3
months of diagnosis that measured disclosure self-efficacy and
disclosure.
Over one-third of the sample reported elevated depressive symptoms
soon after diagnosis and equal proportions (one-third each) disclosed to none,
some, or all partners in the 3 months after diagnosis. Depressive symptoms were
negatively associated with disclosure self-efficacy and disclosure to partners,
while disclosure self-efficacy was positively associated with disclosure.
Disclosure self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between depression
and disclosure, accounting for 33% of the total effect.
These findings
highlight the importance of addressing depression that follows diagnosis to
enhance subsequent disclosure to sexual partners.
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By: Laurie Abler, PhD,1 Kathleen J. Sikkema, PhD,1,2 Melissa H. Watt, PhD,1 Nathan B. Hansen, PhD,3 Patrick A. Wilson, PhD,4 and Arlene Kochman, MSW, CSW1,*
1Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
2Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
3Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
4Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York.
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