The Association of Low Parental Monitoring with Early Substance Use in European American and African American Adolescent Girls
OBJECTIVE:
Research
indicates that low parental monitoring increases the risk for early substance
use. Because low parental monitoring tends to co-occur with other familial and
neighborhood factors, the specificity of the association is challenging to
establish. Using logistic regression and propensity score analyses, we examined
associations between low parental monitoring and early substance use in
European American (EA) and African American (AA) girls, controlling for risk
factors associated with low parental monitoring.
METHOD:
Participants
were 3,133 EA and 523 AA girls from the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study
with data on parental monitoring assessed via self-report questionnaire, and
with ages at first use of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis queried in at least
one of three diagnostic interviews (median ages = 15, 22, and 24 years).
RESULTS:
The rate
of early alcohol use was greater in EA than AA girls, whereas the proportion of
AA girls reporting low parental monitoring was higher than in EA girls. EA girls
who experienced low parental monitoring were at elevated risk for early
alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use, findings supported in both logistic
regression and propensity score analyses. Evidence regarding associations
between low parental monitoring and risk for early substance use was less
definitive for AA girls.
CONCLUSIONS:
Findings
highlight the role of parental monitoring in modifying risk for early substance
use in EA girls. However, we know little regarding the unique effects, if any,
of low parental monitoring on the timing of first substance use in AA girls.
By: Blustein EC1,2, Munn-Chernoff MA3,4,5, Grant JD3,4, Sartor CE3,4,6, Waldron M3,7, Bucholz KK3,4, Madden PA3,4, Heath AC3,4.
- 1Department of Biology, Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee.
- 2College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
- 4Alcoholism Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
- 5Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- 6Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
- 7Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Indiana University School of Education, Bloomington, Indiana.
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