Why Sex Workers in Mozambique Double As Health Professionals

Via:  http://goo.gl/oqEkjH

Socio-demographic, Behavioral and Health Characteristics of Underage Female Sex Workers in Mozambique: The Need to Protect a Generation from HIV Risk

Characteristics, HIV risk, and program coverage for underage female sex workers (FSW) are rarely systematically described worldwide. We compared characteristics of underage (15-17 years old) and adult (≥18 years old) FSW in three main urban areas of Mozambique (Maputo, Beira and Nampula) using data from three respondent-driven sampling surveys implemented in 2011-2012. 

Among survey participants, 9.8 % in Maputo, 17.0 % in Beira and 25.6 % in Nampula were underage. Over half reported performing sex work to afford daily living, and 29.7-50.0 % had unprotected sex with their last client. 

The proportion of underage FSW having accessed care and prevention services was lower compared to adult FSW. While HIV prevalence among underage FSW was lower than in adults, it increased markedly with age. Our results point to the urgency of expanding prevention and care programs geared towards underage FSW.

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By: Inguane C1,2, Horth RZ3, Miranda AE4, Young PW5, Sathane I6, Cummings BE5, Augusto Â7, Raymond HF3, Mcfarland W3.

• 1Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Box 353100, Seattle, WA, 98195-3100, USA. celsoi@uw.edu.
• 2International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), Maputo, Mozambique. celsoi@uw.edu.
• 3Global Health Sciences Department, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
• 4Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
• 5Strategic Information, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Maputo, Mozambique.
• 6International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), Maputo, Mozambique.
• 7Department of Laboratory Platforms, Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo, Mozambique.  

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High Burden of HIV Infection and Risk Behaviors among Female Sex Workers in Three Main Urban Areas of Mozambique

This is the first integrated biological and behavioral survey among female sex workers (FSW) in Mozambique. Using respondent-driven sampling, 400, 411 and 429 FSW were enrolled respectively in Maputo, Beira and Nampula in 2011-2012. Estimates were produced using RDSAT 7.1. 

HIV prevalence was 

• 31.2% in Maputo
• 23.6% in Beira
• 17.8% in Nampula. 

Among HIV-positive FSW, 

• 48.1% in Maputo
• 79.8% in Beira
• 89.6% in Nampula, were unaware of their serostatus. 

Condom use at last sex with a client was 

• 85.8% in Maputo
• 73.4% in Beira
• 62.8 % in Nampula among FSW. 

HIV was associated with current age, age of first sex for money, low educational level, and having had a genital ulcer in the last 6 months. 

Results suggest the urgent need to increase behavioral and structural interventions in this key population.

Purchase full article at: http://goo.gl/R17pXB

By: Augusto ÂD1, Young PW, Horth RZ, Inguane C, Sathane I, Ngale K, Benedetti M, Cummings B, Botão CF, Baltazar CA, Frank H, Fagan J, Fisher Raymond H,McFarland W.

• 1Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique, araugustoangelo@gmail.com.  

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Prevalence of HIV and Associated Risk Factors among Long Distance Truck Drivers in Inchope, Mozambique, 2012

This is the first integrated biological and behavioral surveillance survey among long-distance truck drivers (LDTD) in Mozambique. Using modified time-location sampling in 2012 at a key transportation junction (Inchope), we enrolled 327 male LDTD. 

• HIV prevalence was 15.4%. 
• Among HIV-positive LDTD, 83.7% did not know their status. 
• One-third of LDTD had never tested for HIV 
• and three-quarters had not received free condoms, lubricants or HIV literature in the past 12 months. 
• In that same period, 61.4% of LDTD had at least four sexual partners 
• and 27.1% paid for sex. 
• Among sexually-active LDTD, 76.5% did not use a condom at last sex. 
• HIV was associated with 
• primary education or lower, 
• residence in Mozambique 
• and never having tested for HIV. 

Our findings reveal that broader coverage of HIV prevention and comprehensive care services for LDTD are urgently needed.

Via:  http://ht.ly/SMvY0  Purchase full article at: http://goo.gl/RcC3ah

By: Botão C1, Horth RZ2, Frank H2, Cummings B3, Inguane C4, Sathane I4, McFarland W2, Fisher Raymond H2, Young PW3.

• 1National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health-Mozambique, Maputo, Mozambique.
• 2Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
• 3Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Maputo, Mozambique.
• 4International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), Maputo, Mozambique.

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