A Review of the Pattern of AIDS Defining, HIV Associated Neoplasms & Premalignant Lesions Diagnosed from 2000-2011 at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya

Below: Distribution of the cases by sex. The Pie chart shows the distribution of males and females in the study. There were 68.2% female and 32.8% male

Below:  The distribution of types of Lesions by age. The figure shows the distribution of cancers by age of diagnosis in HIV-1 cases in Kenyatta National Hospital between 2001 and 2011

Below:  The distribution of neoplasms Reported between 2000 and 2011. The figure shows the cancers identified in Kenyatta National Hospital in 2001–2011 using patient charts and FFPE

Below:  The distribution of neoplasms by site. The figure shows specific types of neoplasms detected at Kenyatta National Hospital with respect to site

A total of 173 lesions were reviewed and analyzed. Of these 118 (68 %) were from females and 55 from males (32 %). The male to female ratio was 1:2. The age range was from two to 56 years with a median of 36 years. Kaposi sarcoma is the leading AIDS defining malignancy in Kenya while invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is the leading non-AIDS defining malignancy. This is closely followed by invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and NHL.

Kaposi sarcoma is the leading AIDS associated neoplasm in Kenya. Physicians and caretakers managing and following up on HIV/AIDS patients should look out for Kaposi sarcoma as a form of IRIS following the institution of HAART in all HIV/AIDS patients. The incidence of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is increasing in PLWAS in Kenya. There is therefore a need to introduce early screening programs for squamous intraepithelial neoplasm of the conjunctiva in HIV/AIDS patients.

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