Between 1992 and 2009, median age increased from 25 to 29
years (N=1,296), years injecting from 2 to 4. There were 53 men who had sex
with men (MSM). Overall, 0.93% had HIV, 4.4% ever had hepatitis B (HBV), and
3.9% hepatitis C (HCV, from 1998, N=1,083). In multivariable analyses, HIV
increased in 2004-09, and remained elevated; HBV also
increased in 2004-09. HCV prevalence increase was
only borderline significant. HIV and HBV
were associated with MSM, and HCV with sharing needles/syringes. Uptake of
diagnostic testing for HIV and HCV, and HBV vaccination increased (to 43%, 32%
and 44% respectively). Condom use was consistently poor; needle/syringe sharing
occurred.
Blood borne virus prevalences among image and performance enhancing drugs injectors have increased, and
for HIV is now similar to that among psychoactive drug injectors. Targeted
interventions to reduce risks are indicated.
By: Hope VD1, Harris R, McVeigh J, Cullen KJ, Smith J, Parry JV, DeAngelis D, Ncube F.
- 11Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom 2Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom 3Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 2ET, United Kingdom 4Public Health Wales, Temple of Peace & Health, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF10 3NW, United Kingdom 5MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom.
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