Very few studies describe the obstetric and neonatal outcome
of spontaneous pregnancies in women with irregular menstrual cycles. However
menstrual cycle irregularities are common and may be associated with increased
risk, and women who develop pregnancy complications more frequently recollect
irregular menstrual cycles before the time of conception in case-control
studies.
This retrospective cohort study compares obstetric and
neonatal outcomes in spontaneous singleton pregnancies in 3440 primiparous
Danish women stratified according to menstrual cycle regularity. All
pregnancies had a, delivery after 22 weeks of gestation and a nuchal
translucency examination at Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre January 1.
2009 - December 31. 2010. Menstrual cycle irregularity was defined as more than
7 days deviation between self-reported and ultrasound examination based
gestational age. Outcome measures were gestational diabetes, hypertension,
preeclampsia, preterm premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, prolonged
pregnancy, birth weight, umbilical artery pH<7.1, APGAR<7 after 5
minutes, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and stillbirth. Women with
more than 7 days deviation between self-reported and ultrasound examination based
gestational age were compared to women with 7 days or less deviation.
Irregular menstrual cycle before conception increases the
risk of preeclampsia (7.9% vs. 5.2%, p < 0.05) and low birth weight (6.0%
vs. 3.6%, p < 0.05) in spontaneous pregnancies, but reduces the risk of
prolonged pregnancy (1.4% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.001).
Irregular menstrual cycle before conception is associated
with increased risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcome. This article is
protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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