Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2)
is a DNA virus that is efficiently transmitted through intimate genital tract
contact and causes persistent infection that cannot be eliminated. HSV-2 may
cause frequent, symptomatic self-limited genital ulcers, but in most persons
infection is subclinical.
However, recent studies have demonstrated that the
virus is frequently shed from genital surfaces even in the absence of signs or
symptoms of clinical disease and that the virus can be transmitted during these
periods of shedding. Furthermore, HSV-2 shedding is detected throughout the
genital tract and may be associated with genital tract inflammation, which
likely contributes to increased risk of HIV acquisition.
This review focuses on
HSV diagnostics, as well as what we have learned about the importance of
frequent genital HSV shedding for (i) HSV transmission and (ii) genital tract
inflammation, as well as (iii) the impact of HSV-2 infection on HIV acquisition
and transmission.
We conclude with discussion of future areas of research to
push the field forward.
Purchase full article at: http://goo.gl/UDHpTn
By: Johnston C1, Corey L2.
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA cjohnsto@u.washington.edu.
- 2Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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