Some infectious agents have been shown to be human
carcinogens. The current study focused on estimation of cancer burden attributable
to infection in different regions of Asia.
By systematically reviewing previous studies of the
infection prevalence data of 13 countries in Asia and relative risks of
specific cancers, we calculated the population attributable fraction of
carcinogenic infections. Using data from GLOBOCAN 2012, the overall
country-specific and gender-specific number of new cancer cases and deaths
resulting from infection were estimated.
Across 13 principal Asian countries, the average prevalence
and range was 6.6% (0.5% in Japanese women to 15.0% in Vietnamese men) for
hepatitis B virus (HBV), 2.6% (0.3% in Iran to 5.1% in Saudi Arabia) for
hepatitis C virus (HCV), 7.9% (2.8% in Pakistan to 17.7% in China) for human
papillomavirus (HPV), and 61.8% (12.8% in Indonesia to 91.7% in Bangladesh) for Helicobacter pylori (HP).
The estimated total number of cancer cases and deaths caused by infection in
these 13 countries were 1 212 026 (19.6% of all new cancer cases) and 908 549
(22.0% of all deaths from cancer). The fractions of cancer incidence
attributable to infection were 19.7% and 19.5% in men and women, respectively.
The percentages of cancer deaths attributable to infection were 21.9% and 22.1%
in men and women, respectively. Among the main infectious agents, HP was
responsible for 31.5% of infection-related cancer cases and 32.8% of
infection-related cancer deaths, followed by HBV (28.6% of new cases and 23.8%
of deaths), HPV (22.0% of new cases and 27.3% of deaths), and HCV (12.2% of new
cases and 10.6% of deaths).
Approximately one quarter of all cancer cases and deaths
were infection-associated in Asia, which could be effectively prevented if
appropriate long-term controls of infectious agents were applied.
Below: Proportion of estimated new cancer cases and deaths attributable to different infectious agents in men and women
Full article at: http://goo.gl/HTZsxV
By:
1Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer
Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical
College, Beijing, China
2Department of Prevention and Control of
Communicable Disease, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang,
Guizhou, China
3Shijingshan District Center for Disease
Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
4The Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Department, Royal Women’s Hospital, and the Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
5Department of Obstetrics &
Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi,
India
Address for correspondence. Fang-Hui Zhao, Department of
Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
& Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, P.O. Box 2258,
Beijing 100021, China (e-mail: nc.ca.smacic@hgnafoahz).
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