Background
The risk of cardiovascular diseases
(CVD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected people on antiretroviral
therapy (ART) from some rural parts of Africa is not well known. We assessed
CVD risk factors, the estimated 5-year Data collection on adverse effects of
anti-HIV drugs (DA.) risk score and the 10-year Framingham risk score in
persons with HIV infection on ART in a rural area in South Africa.
Methods
A cross-sectional study in which the
data on demographic, lifestyle, and chronic disease were collected using the
World Health Organization Stepwise approach to surveillance questionnaire.
Biochemical parameters were tested using standard biochemical methods. CD4
counts were performed using PIMA analyser and viral load was tested using the
branched deoxyribonucleic acid technique. Student t test and Chi
square test were used on continuous and categorical variables respectively.
Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze predictors
of CVD risk factors. Estimates of 5 and 10-year CVD risk were calculated using
online tools. The Cohen’s kappa coefficient was used to assess the agreement
between CVD risk equations.
Results
The mean age of participants was
44.8 ± 11.8 years; 79.9 % were females. Most of the
participants (85 %) had an undetectable viral load and a mean CD4 count of
462 ± 235 cell/mm3. The most
common CVD risk factors were low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
(43.8 %), hypercholesterolaemia (33.2 %) and a high Apolipoprotein
(Apo) B/ApoA ratio (45.4 %).Using the Framingham equation, 6.7 % of
participants had a moderate to high 10-year CVD risk while the DAD risk
equation showed that 31.1 % of participants had a moderate to high 5-year
CVD risk. Most participants had a low CVD risk by both risk equations. The
level of agreement between the two risk equations was 73.8 %
(k = 0.23; 95 % CI 0.10–0.35; p value 0.001).
Conclusion
CVD risk factors were common among this
rural population on ART. The high proportion of participants with a moderate to
high CVD risk, observed with the DAD risk equation, clearly represents a
considerable health burden that can possibly be reduced by increasing
educational programs on CVD prevention for people on ART. There is however a
need to develop and evaluate a race/ethnicity-specific CVD risk estimation tool
for HIV infected Africans.
Full article at: http://goo.gl/s1jSoK
By: Felistas Mashinya, Marianne Alberts, Jean-Pierre Van
geertruyden and Robert Colebunders
- Department of Medical Science, Public Health and Health Promotion, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo
- Department of Medical Science, Public Health and Health Promotion, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo
- International Health Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Antwerp University
- International Health Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Antwerp University
More at: https://twitter.com/hiv_insight
No comments:
Post a Comment