The public sector scale-up of
antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa commenced in 2004. We aimed to
describe the hospital-level disease burden and factors contributing to
morbidity and mortality among hospitalized HIV-positive patients in the era of
widespread ART availability.
Between June 2012 and October 2013, unselected
patients admitted to medical wards at a public sector district hospital in Cape
Town were enrolled in this cross-sectional study with prospective follow-up.
HIV testing was systematically offered and HIV-infected patients were
systematically screened for TB. The spectrum of admission diagnoses among
HIV-positive patients was documented, vital status at 90 and 180 days
ascertained and factors independently associated with death determined.
Among
1018 medical admissions, HIV status was ascertained in 99.5%: 60.1% (n = 609)
were HIV-positive and 96.1% (n = 585) were enrolled. Of these, 84.4% were aware
of their HIV-positive status before admission. ART status was naive in 35.7%,
current in 45.0%, and interrupted in 19.3%. The most frequent primary clinical
diagnoses were newly diagnosed TB (n = 196, 33.5%), other bacterial infection
(n = 100, 17.1%), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining
illnesses other than TB (n = 64, 10.9%).
By 90 days follow-up, 175 (29.9%)
required readmission and 78 (13.3%) died. Commonest causes of death were TB
(37.2%) and other AIDS-defining illnesses (24.4%). Independent predictors of
mortality were AIDS-defining illnesses other than TB, low hemoglobin, and
impaired renal function.HIV still accounts for nearly two-thirds of medical
admissions in this South African hospital and is associated with high
mortality.
Strategies to improve linkage to care, ART adherence/retention and TB
prevention are key to reducing HIV-related hospitalizations in this setting.
Full article at: http://goo.gl/ExYwiQ
By: Meintjes G1, Kerkhoff AD, Burton R, Schutz C, Boulle A, Van Wyk G, Blumenthal L, Nicol MP, Lawn SD.
- 1From the Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (GM, CS, LB); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town (GM, RB, CS, SDL); Department of Medicine, Khayelitsha District Hospital, South Africa (GM, RB); Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK (GM); The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa (ADK, SDL); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA (ADK); Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (ADK); School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town (AB); Health Impact Assessment Directorate, Western Cape Department of Health (AB); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town (AB); Department of Medicine, Mitchells Plain Hospital (GVW); Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town (MPN); National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa (MPN); and Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK (SDL).
More at: https://twitter.com/hiv_insight
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