There is a long history of
using personality to subtype patients in treatment for substance use disorders
(SUD). However, no one has validated a typology of SUD patients using a
structural model of normal-range personality, particularly indicating whether
subtypes differ on treatment processes and outcomes. We developed a
personality-based typology among 196 military veterans enrolled in residential
SUD treatment at a Veterans Affairs medical center.
Patients were assessed at
treatment entry, 1 month into treatment, and at discharge from treatment.
Personality was assessed using the Multidimensional Personality
Questionnaire-Brief Form at treatment entry. Latent profile analyses identified
a 3-group solution consisting of low pathology, internalizing, and
externalizing groups.
The internalizing group scored lowest on measures of
functioning at treatment entry, whereas the externalizing group scored more
poorly on treatment processes and outcomes over the course of their residential
stay (e.g., more stressful relationships with other residents, lower program
alliance).
These findings support a clinically meaningful typology of SUD
patients based on a 3-factor model of personality and can serve as a guide for
future efforts aimed at developing targeted interventions that can address the
individual differences of patients in this population.
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