Background
Little
is known about the association between psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and
nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in the general adult population. Thus, the aim
of this study was to examine the association using nationally-representative
data from England.
Methods
Data
from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey was analyzed. The sample
consisted of 7403 adults aged ≥16 years. Five forms of PLEs (mania/hypomania,
thought control, paranoia, strange experience, auditory hallucination) were
assessed with the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire. The association between
PLEs and NSSI was assessed by multivariable logistic regression. Hierarchical
models were constructed to evaluate the influence of alcohol and drug
dependence, common mental disorders, and borderline personality disorder
symptoms on this association.
Results
The
prevalence of NSSI was 4.7% (female 5.2% and male 4.2%), while the figures
among those with and without any PLEs were 19.2% and 3.9% respectively. In a
regression model adjusted for sociodemographic factors and stressful life
events, most types of PLE were significantly associated with NSSI: paranoia (OR
3.57; 95%CI 1.96–6.52), thought control (OR 2.45; 95%CI 1.05–5.74), strange experience
(OR 3.13; 95%CI 1.99–4.93), auditory hallucination (OR 4.03; 95%CI 1.56–10.42),
and any PLE (OR 2.78; 95%CI 1.88–4.11). The inclusion of borderline personality
disorder symptoms in the models had a strong influence on the association
between PLEs and NSSI as evidenced by a large attenuation in the ORs for PLEs,
with only paranoia continuing to be significantly associated with NSSI.
Substance dependence and common mental disorders had little influence on the
association between PLEs and NSSI.
Conclusions
Borderline personality disorder symptoms may be an
important factor in the link between PLEs and NSSI. Future studies on PLEs and
NSSI should take these symptoms into account.
Below: Prevalence of
nonsuicidal self-injury by the presence of psychotic-like experience. Abbreviation:
PLE Psychotic-like experience. Bars denote 95% confidence intervals. Prevalence
figures are based on weighted sample.
Full article at: http://goo.gl/w0BF2U
By:
Ai Koyanagi, Josep Maria Haro
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona,
Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Ai Koyanagi, Josep Maria Haro
Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación
Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
Andrew Stickley
The Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST),
Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
Andrew Stickley
Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine,
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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