This paper assesses the
relationship between gender and HIV-related stigma experiences among people
living with HIV (PLHIV) - enacted and anticipated stigma - and PLHIV caregivers
- courtesy stigma - in Northern Thailand, along with the underlying reasons for
stigmatising attitudes towards PLHIV - instrumental and symbolic stigma -
expressed in the general population.
We used data from the Living With
Antiretrovirals (LIWA) study conducted on all PLHIV receiving antiretroviral
treatment in four district hospitals in Northern Thailand (n = 513) and on a
community sample of adults from the general population (n = 500).
Women living
with HIV and female caregivers of PLHIV reported higher rates of HIV-related
stigma experiences than men. Gender interacted with other predictors - the
period of HIV diagnosis and age - to increase the level of stigma experienced.
Among the general population, attitudes of contact avoidance were infrequent.
However, stereotypes depicting PLHIV as blameworthy were highly pervasive, with
women perceived as the "victims" of their spouse's irresponsible
sexual behaviours.
In this context, women were yet more often subjected to
HIV-related stigma than men, in particular women diagnosed in the pre-antiretroviral
therapy era and younger female caregivers. The role of gender in shaping
disparities in HIV-related stigma experiences is discussed.
Purchase full article at: http://goo.gl/3BRbnE
By: Pannetier J1, Lelièvre E2, Le Cœur S1,3.
- 1 Institut National d'Etude Démographique (INED), Centre Population & Développement UMR 196 (Paris Descartes-IRD) , Paris , France.
- 2 Institut National d'Etude Démographique (INED) , Paris , France.
- 3 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMI 174/Program for HIV Prevention and Treatment (PHPT) , Chiang Mai , Thailand.
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