Background
The theory of planned behavior (TPB),
socio-cognitive model (SCM), and information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB)
model are effective in predicting condom use. However, the adequacy of these three
theoretical models in predicting the frequency of condom use (FCU) among young
people has not been compared. This cross-sectional study tested the
applicability and suitability of these three models in predicting the FCU, and
analyzed the relationships among the postulated constructs.
Methods
Sexually experienced adolescents (n = 410) aged 13–18 completed a survey assessing the
TPB, SCM, and IMB model constructs. Participants were students recruited from
18 high schools, randomly selected from the north, south, east, and southeast
of Spain. A structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis was applied to test
TPB, SCM and IBM and constructs relationships of each model using R.
Results
The results of SEM demonstrated that
behavioral skills predict behavior via motivation as hypothesized by the IMB
model, but not directly via knowledge about condom use and sexually transmitted
infections (STIs). Cognitive factors, such knowledge about condom use and STIs
as well as condom use self-efficacy, directly predicted the FCU when modeled as
per the SCM. According to the TPB, condom use intention was the best predictor
of the FCU, and condom use intention was predicted by attitudes toward condom
use and subjective norms related to condom use, but perceived control was not
directly or indirectly related to the FCU. Based on the data, the TPB becomes
the best-fit model for predicting the FCU among young people compared to the
SCM and IMB model.
Conclusions
From a statistical perspective, the TPB
seems to be the most suitable model for predicting the FCU among young people
compared to the other models. Overall, key direct predictors of the FCU in
adolescents included condom use intention, behavioral skills and cognitive
factors, such as STIs knowledge and condom use self-efficacy. The next step
should be to test integrative models that include personal, contextual,
environmental, and social factors.
Full article at: http://goo.gl/iT5Wqw
By:
- 1Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain. jpespada@umh.es.
- 2Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain. alexandra.moraless@umh.es.
- 3Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18011, Granada, Spain. aguillenriquelme@ugr.es.
- 4Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Jaume I University of Castellón, Avda. Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Castellón, Spain. rballest@psb.uji.es.
- 5Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain. morgiles@umh.es.
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