Structural Equation Modeling of the Effects of Racism, LGBTQ Discrimination & Internalized Oppression on Illicit Drug Use in LGBTQ People of Color
BACKGROUND:
Experiences
with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ)
discrimination and racism have both been associated with mental health problems
and illicit drug use. However, the cumulative effects of both forms of
discrimination-and resulting internalized oppression-on illicit drug use in
LGBTQ people of color (POC) has not been examined in the research literature.
METHODS:
Using
online questionnaires, this study collected self-report data from 200 LGBTQ POC
about their experiences with racism, LGBTQ discrimination, internalized racism,
internalized LGBTQ discrimination, and illicit drug use.
RESULTS:
Two
structural equation models yielded adequate fit indices in which experiences
with racism and LGBTQ discrimination led to more internalized oppression, which
then led to greater illicit drug use magnitude. LGBTQ discrimination was
directly related to increased internalized oppression, which was positively
associated with illicit drug use magnitude; the relationship between LGBTQ
discrimination and illicit drug use magnitude was mediated by internalized
oppression in both models. However, racism and the interaction between racism
and LGBTQ discrimination did not show valid direct effects on internalized
oppression or indirect effects on illicit drug use magnitude.
CONCLUSIONS:
LGBTQ
POC can be the targets of both racism and LGBTQ discrimination, although the
current study found that the most psychologically damaging effects may come
from LGBTQ discrimination. Interventions meant to decrease or prevent illicit
drug use in LGBTQ POC may benefit from helping participants examine the links
among LGBTQ discrimination, internalized oppression, and illicit drug use as a
coping strategy, focusing on substituting more adaptive coping.
- 1Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 810 W. Franklin Street, P.O. Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018, United States.
- 2Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 810 W. Franklin Street, P.O. Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018, United States. Electronic address: pperrin@vcu.edu.
- Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Jan 4. pii: S0376-8716(15)01844-X. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.029.
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