Substance Use Outcomes Following Treatment: Findings from the Australian Patient Pathways Study
OBJECTIVE:
Adolescent
substance use is an area of concern because early substance use is associated
with a higher risk of adverse outcomes. Parenting style, defined as the general
style of parenting, as well as substance-specific parenting practices may
influence children's substance use behaviour. The present study aims to probe
the impact of parenting style on adolescent substance use.
METHOD:
A cohort
of 1268 adolescents (48% girls), aged 12-13 years at baseline, from 21 junior
high schools was assessed in the first semester of junior high school, and then
again in the last semester of the 9th grade, 32 months later. Parenting style,
operationalised as a fourfold classification of parenting styles, including
established risk factors for adolescent substance use, were measured at
baseline.
RESULTS:
Neglectful
parenting style was associated with worse substance use outcomes across all
substances. After adjusting for other proximal risk factors in multivariate
analyses, parenting style was found to be unrelated to substance use outcomes
with one exception: authoritative parenting style was associated with less
frequent drinking. Association with deviant peers, delinquent behaviour,
provision of alcohol by parents, and previous use of other substances were
associated with substance use outcomes at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS:
The
results of the present study indicate that parenting style may be less
important for adolescent substance use outcomes than what has previously been
assumed, and that association with deviant peers and delinquent behaviour may
be more important for adolescent substance use outcomes than general parenting
style.
Below: Non-linear association between the deviant peers scale and illicit drug use at follow-up. Values on the y-axis denote log odds ratio (solid line) and 95% confidence intervals (dotted lines).
- 1Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- 2Medical Management Center Department of Learning, Informatics, Management & Ethics Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- BMJ Open. 2016 Jan 14;6(1):e008979. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008979.
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