Monday, February 8, 2016

PTSD Symptoms among Police Officers: Associations with Frequency, Recency, and Types of Traumatic Events

Policing necessitates exposure to traumatic, violent and horrific events, which can lead to an increased risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the frequency, recency, and type of police-specific traumatic events were associated with PTSD symptoms. Participants were 359 police officers from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS) Study (2004–2009). Traumatic police events were measured using the Police Incident Survey (PIS); PTSD was measured using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). Associations between PIS and PTSD symptoms were evaluated using ANCOVA. Contrast statements were used to test for linear trends. Increased frequency of specific types of events were associated with an increase in the PCL-C score in women, particularly women with no history of prior trauma and those who reported having a high workload (p < 0.05). 

More recent exposure to seeing severely assaulted victims was associated with higher PCL-C scores in men (p < 0.02). In summary, the frequency of several traumatic events was associated with higher PTSD scores in women, while the recency of seeing victims of assault was associated with higher PTSD scores in men. 

These results may be helpful in developing intervention strategies to reduce the psychological effects following exposure and these strategies may be different for men and women.

Below:  Occurrence of different types of traumatic events by sex



Full article at:   http://goo.gl/kh3YLT

Tara A. Hartley, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Ctrs. for Disease Control & Prevention, Morgantown, WV;
Correspondence regarding this article may be directed to Dr. Hartley at ; Email: voG.cdC@yeltrahT
Tara A. Hartley, PhD, MPA, MPH, is with the Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV. John M. Violanti, PhD, is in the Department of Social And Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY. Khachatur Sarkisian, MS, Michael E. Andrew, PhD, and Cecil M. Burchfiel, PhD, MPH, are with the Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV.




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