INTRODUCTION:
The
prevalence of intellectual disability (ID) in the prison setting has scarcely
been studied. Although some approximations or estimates regarding people with
intellectual disabilities have been performed in Spain, there is little in the
way of reliable data.
OBJECTIVES:
1)
To determine the prevalence of ID in a sample population in the residential
modules of a Spanish prison, 2) Obtain data on the prevalence of ID in prison
psychiatric units and hospitals.
METHODS:
1) A TONI
II test was performed on a sub-sample (n = 398) of a prevalence study in
Spanish prisons33 to identify inmates with intellectual disabilities. 2) We
reviewed the reports of the psychiatric department of Parc Sanitari Sant Joan
de Deu to establish the diagnosis at discharge of patients with a primary
diagnosis of intellectual disability 3) Data from the Directorate General of
Prisons on the prevalence of ID in Prison Psychiatric Hospitals was reviewed.
RESULTS:
The data
obtained from the TONI II test found 3.77% of the study population has an IQ
below 70, and 7.54 % has a borderline IQ rate. Assessment of penitentiary
psychiatric hospitalization data showed these figures to be higher.
CONCLUSIONS:
The
data from a Spanish prison population showed that ID levels were higher than
those in the community, especially amongst prisoners requiring specialized
psychiatric care. What is also evident is that adequate resources are required
in prisons and in the community to provide better care for people with
intellectual disabilities who are in the pathway of the criminal justice system.
By: V. Tort1, R. Dueñas1, E. Vicens1,
C. Zabala2, M. Martínez2 and D.M. Romero2
1 Parc
Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu. Sant Boi de LLobregt (Barcelona)
2 Facultad de
Terapia Ocupacional, Logopedia y Enfermería de la UCLM. Talavera de la Reina
(Toledo)
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