Gender Comparisons among Asian American and Pacific Islander Patients in Drug Dependency Treatment
BACKGROUND:
Few
studies have focused on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs), despite
indications of increasing substance abuse among AAPIs in recent years.
OBJECTIVES:
This
prospective longitudinal study examined gender differences among AAPIs in
treatment.
METHODS:
The study
included 567 (177 women, 390 men) AAPI patients drawn from two prior studies,
one with 32 community treatment programs in 13 California counties (CalTOP, 3,
9 months), and another project including 36 treatment sites in 5
California counties (TSI, 3, 12 months). Baseline and follow-up
assessments utilized the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). A subset of patients
was assessed at 3 and 9/12 months (n = 106).
RESULTS:
Significant gender-related differences were observed at baseline: fewer women
than men were employed or never married. More women were living with someone
having alcohol and drug problems. Methamphetamine was the primary drug for
women and men, followed by alcohol and heroin. Compared to AAPI men, AAPI women
reported greater problem severity in family/social relationships (0.18 vs.
0.11, p <.001), employment (0.68 vs. 0.56, p <.001), and mental
health (0.19 vs. 0.14, p <.01). Relative to women, AAPI men reported
greater treatment satisfaction at the 3-month follow-up. Significant improvements
at follow-up were observed in family, alcohol, drug, and legal domains for both
genders, and in mental health for men only. Compared to AAPI men, AAPI women
demonstrated significantly greater improvements in drug problems (ΔASI = 0.07,
p <.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
Gender
differences revealed in this study suggest a need for a greater treatment focus
on psychiatric problems for AAPI women and drug use problems for AAPI men.
- 1 Department of Clinical , Social and Administrative Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.
- 2 Integrated Substance Abuse Treatment, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California , USA.
- 3 Research and Evaluation Services Unit, Los Angeles County , Los Angeles , California , USA.
- Subst Use Misuse. 2016 Apr 12:1-11.
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