Neurocognitive disorders are
emerging, probably underestimated, complications in HIV-infected people. The
aim of the study was to assess neurocognitive profiles of newly detected
HIV-infected patients.
We performed an observational retrospective single-cohort
study. Illiterates and patients with neurologic symptoms or previous
psychiatric diagnosis were excluded. Neuropsychological profiles were assessed
using a validated battery of neuropsychological tests.
We included 206
patients; with males representing the majority of them (85%). Risk factors for
HIV acquisition were unprotected sexual intercourse (homo/bisexual in 39.8% and
heterosexual in 60.2%). Thirty-nine patients (18.9%) were previous injection
drug users, while 41 (19.9%) were alcohol abusers. Mean education was 11.1
years (SD-standard deviation-3.7).
A high prevalence of HIV-associated
neurocognitive disorders (HAND, 47.1%) was present in HIV-infected patients:
particularly, asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) was found in 30.6%,
mild neurocognitive disorder (MND) in 15% and HIV-associated dementia (HAD) in
1.5%.
Male gender, low degree of education, AIDS diagnosis and gepatitis B
virus (HBV) co-infection were factors independently associated with HAND in a
multivariable logistic regression model.
Our data suggest that patient-specific
factors and AIDS diagnosis have a certain kind of impact in HAND occurrence. A
complete neuropsychological screening must be recommended in all patients at
HIV-infection diagnosis.
Full article at: http://goo.gl/vb0hz3
By:
- 1Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. emanuelefoca@gmail.com.
- 2Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. p.magro@unibs.it.
- 3Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. davide.motta84@gmail.com.
- 4Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. compostar@hotmail.com.
- 5Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. s.casari@infettivibrescia.it.
- 6Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. andreabonito@hotmail.com.
- 7Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. nigri_bri@libero.it.
- 8Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. alice-ferraresi@hotmail.it.
- 9Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. paolarodari@icluod.com.
- 10Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. chiarapezzoli@yahoo.com.
- 11Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. eugeniaquiros@yahoo.it.
- 12Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. francesco.castelli@unibs.it.
- Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Mar 24;17(4). pii: E434. doi: 10.3390/ijms17040434.
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