Via: http://goo.gl/FFu4u1
Showing posts with label Newark. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Newark. Show all posts
Wednesday, March 2, 2016
Monday, February 1, 2016
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for Safer Conception among Serodifferent Couples: Findings from Healthcare Providers Serving Patients with HIV in Seven US Cities
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
(PrEP) can reduce the risk of HIV transmission among serodifferent couples
trying to conceive, yet provider knowledge, attitudes, and experience utilizing
PrEP for this purpose are largely unexamined.
Trained interviewers conducted
phone interviews with healthcare providers treating patients with HIV in seven
cities (Atlanta, Baltimore, Houston, Kansas City, Newark, Philadelphia, and San
Francisco, N = 85 total).
Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed to
describe experience, concerns, and perceived barriers to prescribing PrEP for
safer conception. Providers (67.1% female, 43 mean years of age, 70.4% white,
10 mean years treating HIV+ patients, 56% in academic vs. community facilities,
62.2% MD) discussed both benefits and concerns of PrEP for safer conception
among serodifferent couples.
Only 18.8% of providers reported experience
prescribing PrEP, 74.2% were willing to prescribe it under ideal circumstances,
and 7.0% were not comfortable prescribing PrEP. Benefits included added
protection and a greater sense of control for the HIV-negative partner.
Concerns were categorized as clinical, system-level, cost, or behavioral.
Significant differences in provider characteristics existed across sites, but
experience with PrEP for safer conception did not, p = 0.14. Despite limited
experience, most providers were open to recommending PrEP for safer conception
as long as patients understood the range of concerns and could make informed
decisions.
Strategies to identify and link serodifferent couples to PrEP
services and clinical guidance specific to PrEP for safer conception are needed.
Purchase full article at:
By:
- 1 Department of Family Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, Kansas.
- 2 Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Hospital , Kansas City, Missouri.
- 3 François-Xavier Bagnoud Center, School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Newark, New Jersey.
- 4 Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman Schools of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- 5 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia .
- 6 HIVE, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California.
- 7 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas.
- 8 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland.
- AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2016 Jan 29
More at: https://twitter.com/hiv insight
Sunday, January 17, 2016
Exploring the Defensive Actions of Drug Sellers in Open-Air Markets: A Systematic Social Observation
Objectives: The current study
contributes to the literature through a systematic social observation of the
defensive actions of drug sellers within open-air retail markets. The study
expands upon previous literature by incorporating a novel data collection and
coding method.
Methods: Video footage of
narcotics transactions was extracted from the closed-circuit television (CCTV)
system of the Newark, NJ Police Department. Researchers transcribed and coded
the footage to measure the frequency of defensive actions incorporated by drug
sellers. Fisher’s exact tests measured whether the frequency of each defensive
action significantly differed across geographic setting or time of day.
Results: The frequency of many
defensive actions was significantly related to geographic setting and time of
day. The strongest relationship was observed between the use of stash spots and
setting. Overall, the findings suggest that drug sellers adopt tenets of
Opportunity Theory to protect themselves from law enforcement, specifically by
acting as guardians and place managers on their own behalf.
Conclusions: This study
extends prior techniques and provides an additional case study on the use of
CCTV footage in the study of street-level crime. This methodology can be used
in concert with more traditional ethnographic techniques in the study of the
drug trade and in crime-and-place research in general.
Purchase full article at: http://goo.gl/tnYZFG
By:
Eric L. Piza, Department of Law and Police Science, John Jay
College of Criminal Justice, New York City, NY, USA. Email: epiza@jjay.cuny.edu
More at: https://twitter.com/hiv
insight
Wednesday, December 16, 2015
Politics, Police Accountability, and Public Health: Civilian Review in Newark, New Jersey
Police brutality, a
longstanding civil rights issue, has returned to the forefront of American
public debate. A growing body of public health research shows that excessive
use of force by police and racial profiling have adverse effects on health for
African Americans and other marginalized groups. Yet, interventions to monitor
unlawful policing have been met with fierce opposition at the federal, state,
and local levels.
On April 30, 2015, the mayor of Newark, New Jersey signed an
executive order establishing a Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) to
monitor the Newark Police Department (NPD). Using a mixed-methods approach,
this study examined how advocates and government actors accomplished this
recent policy change in the face of police opposition and after a 50-year
history of unsuccessful attempts in Newark.
Drawing on official public
documents, news media, and interviews conducted in April and May 2015, I
propose that: (1) a Department of Justice investigation of the NPD, (2) the
activist background of the Mayor and his relationships with community
organizations, and (3) the momentum provided by the national Black Lives Matter
movement were pivotal in overcoming political obstacles to reform. Examining
the history of CCRB adoption in Newark suggests when and where advocates may
intervene to promote policing reforms in other US cities.
Purchase full article at: http://goo.gl/ZSvJcU
By:
- 1Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. aleciam@princeton.edu.
More at: https://twitter.com/hiv_insight
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)