Female Sexual Subjectivity and Verbal Consent to Receiving Oral Sex

Women are less likely than men are to report receiving oral sex from their partners. Elements of sexual subjectivity may have implications for women's communication of consent to specific sexual acts. 

Sexually active women (n = 237) between 18 and 71 years of age (M = 28.85 years) completed an online survey measuring sociodemographic variables, entitlement to pleasure from partner, self-efficacy in achieving sexual pleasure, and consent communication at last receptive oral sex event. Participants were predominantly White (84.8%, n = 201) and in exclusive or monogamous sexual relationships (54.9%, n = 130). The authors used a 4-step test of mediation to determine whether self-efficacy in achieving sexual pleasure mediated the relation between entitlement to pleasure from partner and verbal consent communication. 

Self-efficacy emerged as a significant predictor of verbal consent communication (p <.01) in the fourth step, while entitlement to pleasure dropped out of the model (p >.05), indicating full mediation. Therefore, entitlement to pleasure predicted verbal consent to oral sex as a function of self-efficacy in achieving sexual pleasure. Sex-positive educational interventions may improve disparities between men and women in receiving oral sex from their partners. 

Results of this study offer insight into the ways in which culture-level forces affect interpersonal and intraindividual sexual health behaviors.

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By:  Sonya Satinsky^a* & Kristen N. Jozkowski^b

^a Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA

^b Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA

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Necessary But Not Sufficient: Sexual Assault Information on College and University Websites

The objective of our study was to investigate the availability, location, and content of sexual assault information presented on college and university websites. A random sample of 102 accredited, non-profit, bachelors-granting U.S. colleges and universities was selected for webcoding. 

Websites were coded for the availability and location of sexual assault information, including what resources and information were provided and whether topics such as date rape, consent, and victim blaming were addressed. Ninety (88.2%) of the 102 colleges and universities in our sample had sexual assault information available in their domains. University policy (83.3%) and contact information for law enforcement (72.2%) and other resources (56.7–82.2%) were often included, but most websites failed to provide information on issues related to sexual assault, such as discouraging victim blaming (35.6%) and encouraging affirmative consent (30.0%). 

Colleges and universities should consider updating the sexual assault information on their websites with the assistance of local, expert practitioners in order to provide more comprehensive, organized, useful, and user-friendly information on sexual assault prevention and intervention. 

Additional online materials for this article are available to PWQ subscribers on PWQ’s website at http://pwq.sagepub.com/supplemental

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By:  Emily M. Lund1

Katie B. Thomas2

¹Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA

²Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA

  

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Law & Order, CSI, and NCIS: The Association Between Exposure to Crime Drama Franchises, Rape Myth Acceptance, and Sexual Consent Negotiation Among College Students

Previous research has identified that exposure to the crime drama genre lowers rape myth acceptance and increases sexual assault prevention behaviors such as bystander intervention. However, recent content analyses have revealed marked differences in the portrayal of sexual violence within the top three crime drama franchises. Using a survey of 313 college freshmen, this study explores the influence of exposure to the three most popular crime drama franchises: Law & Order, CSI, and NCIS. 

Findings indicate that 

• exposure to the Law & Order franchise is associated with decreased rape myth acceptance 
• and increased intentions to adhere to expressions of sexual consent 
• and refuse unwanted sexual activity; 
• whereas exposure to the CSI franchise is associated with decreased intentions to seek consent and decreased intentions to adhere to expressions of sexual consent. 
• Exposure to the NCIS franchise was associated with decreased intentions to refuse unwanted sexual activity. 

These results indicate that exposure to the specific content of each crime drama franchise may have differential results on sexual consent negotiation behaviors.

Via:  http://ht.ly/SYBA8 Purchase full article at:  http://goo.gl/C8H0gd

By: Hust SJ1, Marett EG2, Lei M3, Ren C4, Ran W5.

• 1a The Edward R. Murrow College of Communication , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington , USA.
• 2b Management and Information Systems , Mississippi State University , Starkville , Mississippi , USA.
• 3c Department of Communication , State University of New York , Geneseo , Geneseo , New York.
• 4d Department of Journalism , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , Michigan , USA.
• 5e Management , University of Wisconsin-La Crosse , La Crosse , Wisconsin , USA. 

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Forced Sex and Sexual Consent among College Women

Female college students, aged 18-25 years, are at high risk for sexual violence compared with women of other age groups. Lack of clear consent is a preceding and defining component of forced sex and sexual violence. This study explored the association between sexual consent awareness, attitudes, and beliefs and a history of forced sex among a sample of college women. In addition, the level of alcohol use among this group was examined.

A cross-sectional electronic survey was sent to approximately 5900 female students enrolled at a large public university in the northeastern United States. Sexual consent was measured with the Sexual Consent Scale-Revised, and alcohol use was measured with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption Items. Logistic regression models were used to examine the differences in sexual consent scores based on a history of forced sex.

The final sample included 925 students. 

• Twenty-two percent of participants reported a history of forced sex; 
• more than half (59%) reported alcohol use before sexual activity. 
• Women with greater awareness of sexual consent were significantly more likely to have a history of forced sex. 
• Women who utilize more nonverbal, indirect approaches to communicating sexual consent were significantly less likely to have a history of forced sex compared with women with no history of forced sex.

These findings highlight high rates of forced sex and alcohol use in a sample of college women and explicate sexual consent awareness and communication behaviors associated with a history of forced sex.

Via: http://ht.ly/SqunC 

By: Fantasia HC1, Fontenot HB, Sutherland MA, Lee-St John TJ.

• 1Author Affiliations: 1College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Lowell; 2William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College; and 3SRI International, Center for Education and Human Services, Education Division, Menlo Park, California.
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