We sought to estimate rates of sexually transmitted
infections (STIs) among criminal offenders in the 1 year after arrest or
release from incarceration.
We performed a retrospective cohort study of risk of having
a positive STI (chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis) or incident-positive HIV
test in the 1 year following arrest or incarceration in Marion County
(Indianapolis), Indiana. Participants were 247 211 individuals with arrest or
incarceration in jail, prison, or juvenile detention between 2003 and 2008.
Test positivity rates (per 100 000 and per year) were
highest for chlamydia (2968) and gonorrhea (2305), and lower for syphilis (278)
and HIV (61). Rates of positive STI and HIV were between 1.5 and 2.8 times
higher in female than male participants and between 2.7 and 6.9 times higher
for Blacks than Whites. Compared with nonoffenders, offenders had a relative
risk of 3.9 for chlamydia, 6.6 for gonorrhea, 3.6 for syphilis, and 4.6 for HIV.
The 1-year period following arrest or release from
incarceration represents a high-impact opportunity to reduce STI and HIV
infection rates at a population level.
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By:
- 1Sarah E. Wiehe, Marc B. Rosenman, and Michael L. Scanlon are with Children's Health Services Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis. Sarah E. Wiehe and Marc B. Rosenman are also with Regenstrief Institute Inc, Indianapolis. Matthew C. Aalsma and J. Dennis Fortenberry are with Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine.
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