From 2006 to 2007, 940 PWID (142 women and 798 men) were recruited via respondent-driven sampling and followed for 18 months. At semi-annual visits, participants were tested for syphilis and completed surveys, which collected information on socio-demographics, sexual behaviours, substance use and injection behaviours. Poisson regression was used to estimate syphilis incidence rates (IRs), incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Twenty-one participants acquired syphilis during follow-up. In a multivariate analysis, syphilis incidence was higher among women, HIV-positive participants and those who reported ever exchanging sex for drugs, money, or other goods, while syphilis incidence was lower among those living in Tijuana for a longer duration and those reporting at least daily injection drug use (past 6 months).
Our findings suggest interventions that address the destabilising conditions associated with migration and integrate sexual and drug-related risk reduction strategies may help reduce syphilis incidence among PWID along the Mexico-US border.
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By:
- 1Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
- 2University of Victoria, School of Public Health and Social Policy, Victoria, BC, Canada Vancouver Island Health Authority, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- 3Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
- 4Department of Population Studies, El Colegio de La Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
- 5Research Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections, HIV/AIDS Program of Mexico City, Mexico.
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