Fatal and nonfatal injuries
resulting from gun violence remain a persistent problem in the United States.
The available research suggests that gun violence diffuses among people and
across places through social relationships. Understanding the relationship
between gun violence within social networks and individual gun violence risk is
critical in preventing the spread of gun violence within populations.
This
systematic review examines the existing scientific evidence on the transmission
of gun and other weapon-related violence in household, intimate partner, peer,
and co-offending networks. Our review identified 16 studies published between
1996 and 2015 that suggest that exposure to a victim or perpetrator of violence
in one's interpersonal relationships and social networks increases the risk of
individual victimization and perpetration.
Formal network analyses find high
concentrations of gun violence in small networks and that exposure to gun
violence in one's networks is highly correlated with one's own probability of
being a gunshot victim. Physical violence by parents and weapon use by intimate
partners also increase risk for victimization and perpetration.
Additional work
is needed to better characterize the mechanisms through which network exposures
increase individual risk for violence and to evaluate interventions aimed at
disrupting the spread of gun and other weapon violence in high-risk social
networks.
Purchase full article at: http://goo.gl/k14Y9y
By: Tracy M, Braga AA, Papachristos AV.
Correspondence to Dr. Melissa Tracy, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany (http://www.albany.edu/sph/), State University of New York, One University Place, GEC 133, Rensselaer, NY 12144 (e-mail: mtracy@albany.edu).
Correspondence to Dr. Melissa Tracy, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany (http://www.albany.edu/sph/), State University of New York, One University Place, GEC 133, Rensselaer, NY 12144 (e-mail: mtracy@albany.edu).
Epidemiol Rev. 2016 Jan 5. pii: mxv009.
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