Background
HIV
drug resistance (HIVDR) is the major cause of treatment failure after scaling
up of antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIVDR testing prior to ART initiation is
not routinely performed in resource-limited settings. We aimed to assess the
prevalence of primary HIVDR by short reverse transcriptase (RT) genotypic
resistance assay and evaluate of the impact of the mutations on the treatment
outcomes.
Methods
A
prospective cohort study was conducted in treatment-naïve HIV-infected
patients. Fourteen major mutations of codon 99–191 on the RT gene were selected
(K103N, V106A/M, V108I, Q151M, Y181C/I, M184V/I, Y188C/L/H, and G190S/A) at a
cost of testing of 35 USD. The association between the presence of primary
HIVDR and undetectable HIV RNA (<50 copies/mL) after 6 months of ART was
determined.
Results
A
total of 265 HIV-infected patients were included, with a median age of 35.2
(range, 16.8–75.2) years; 62.6% were males. The median (interquartile range)
CD4 cell count at ART initiation was 216 (77–381) cells/mm3. The overall prevalence of
primary HIVDR was 7.9%. The prevalence of each HIVDR mutation were K103N 6.0%,
V106I 1.1%, V108I 0.4%, Y181C 2.3%, Y181I 0.7%, Y181V 0.4%, M184V 3.0%, M184I
1.5%, and G190A 2.3%. No associated factor of having primary HIVDR was determined.
By multiple stepwise logistic regression, factors associated with undetectable
HIV RNA after 6 months of ART were: having M184V/I (odds ratio [OR] 0.11; 95%
confidence interval [CI] 0.02–0.62, p = 0.013), condom use (OR 2.38; 95% CI
1.12–5.06, p = 0.024), and adherence per 5% increase (OR
1.16; 95% CI 1.00–1.35, p = 0.044).
Conclusions
The prevalence of primary HIVDR is approximately 8%; it
is associated with detectable HIV RNA at 6 months after ART initiation. Routine
“short RT” genotypic resistance assay should be considered in resource-limited
settings to maximize treatment outcome.
Below: Prevalence of primary HIV drug resistance mutations, from short reverse transcriptase genotypic resistance assay
Full article at: http://goo.gl/FKNQZJ
By:
Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Subencha Pinsai, Somnuek
Sungkanuparph
Department of Medicine, Faculty
of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
Wasun Chantratita, Ekawat Pasomsub
Department of Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
Manoon Leechawengwongs
Vichaiyut Hospital, Bangkok,
Thailand
Wilawan Thipmontree, Nirada Siriyakorn
Department of Medicine, Maharat
Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
More at: https://twitter.com/hiv insight
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