Risk Factors for Sexual Offending in Men Working with Children: A Community-Based Survey

Identifying risk factors for sexual abuse in men who work with children and who have already abused a child could lead to more appropriate screening and prevention strategies and is thus of major scientific and societal relevance. 

A total of 8649 German men from the community were assessed in an extensive anonymous and confidential online survey. Of those, 37 (0.4 %) could be classified as child sexual abusers working with children, 90 (1.0 %) as child sexual abusers not working with children, and 816 (9.4 %) as men who work with children and who have not abused a child. 

We assessed the impact of working with children as an individual risk factor for self-reported child sexual abuse and compared personal factors, pedophilic sexual fantasies, deviant sexual behaviors, antisocial behaviors, and hypersexuality among the three groups. Most interestingly, working with children was significantly associated with a self-reported sexual offense against children; however, it explained only three percent of its variance. 

Child sexual abusers working with children admitted more antisocial and more sexually deviant behaviors than child sexual abusers not working with children and than men working with children who have not abused a child. 

Our findings support some of the suggestions made by other researchers concerning factors that could be considered in applicants for child- or youth-serving institutions. However, it has to be pointed out that the scientific basis still seems premature.

Purchase full article at:   http://goo.gl/01eDcU

By:  Turner D1, Hoyer J2, Schmidt AF3, Klein V4, Briken P4.

• 1Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. turner.daniel@gmx.de.
• 2Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
• 3Institute for Health and Behaviour, Health Promotion and Aggression Prevention, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
• 4Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
• Arch Sex Behav. 2016 May 16.

More at:  https://twitter.com/hiv insight

And: http://twitter.com/Prison Health

Gender Preference in the Sexual Attractions, Fantasies, and Relationships of Voluntarily Castrated Men

This summary is not available. Please click here to view the post.

Measuring Implicit Sexual Response Biases to Nude Male and Female Pictures in Androphilic and Gynephilic Men

Snowden, Wichter, and Gray (2008) demonstrated that an Implicit Association Test and a Priming Task both predicted the sexual orientation of gynephilic and androphilic men in terms of their attraction biases towards pictures of nude males and females. For both measures, relative bias scores were obtained, with no information on the separate response biases to each target gender. 

The present study sought to extend this research by assessing both relative and individual implicit biases using the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP). An explicit measure screened for men with androphilic (n = 16) or gynephilic (n = 16) orientations on the dimensions of "sexual attraction," "sexual behavior," "sexual fantasies," "hetero/gay lifestyle," and "self identification." The IRAP involved responding "True" or "False" to pictures of nude males and females as either attractive or unattractive. Participants were required to respond in a manner consistent with their reported sexual orientation for half of the IRAP's test blocks and inconsistent for the other half. Response latencies were recorded and analyzed. 

The IRAP revealed a non-orthogonal pattern of biases across the two groups and had an excellent ability to predict sexual orientation with areas under the curves of 1.0 for the relative bias score and .94 and .95 for the bias scores for the male and female pictures, respectively. Correlations between the IRAP and explicit measures of sexual orientation were consistently high. The findings support the IRAP as a potentially valuable tool in the study of sexual preferences.

Purchase full article at:   https://goo.gl/z7Zdcp

By:  Timmins L1, Barnes-Holmes D2, Cullen C3.

• 1Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 5th Floor, Bermondsey Wing, Guy's Hospital Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK. liam.timmins@kcl.ac.uk.
• 2Department of Experimental, Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
• 3School of Nursing & Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. 
• Arch Sex Behav. 2016 Mar 14.

More at:  https://twitter.com/hiv insight

And: http://twitter.com/Prison Health

Gender Preference in the Sexual Attractions, Fantasies, and Relationships of Voluntarily Castrated Men

INTRODUCTION:

Some men seek castration outside a clear medical need. This study explored how their sexuality changed after castration.

AIM:

To explore changes in preferred gender(s) of sexual attraction, fantasy, and relationships in voluntarily castrated men with or without gonadal hormone therapy.

METHODS:

A questionnaire was posted at http://www.eunuch.org that yielded data on men who had been voluntarily castrated physically (n = 198) or chemically (n = 96).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Respondents were asked to report retrospectively on their sexuality, including their sexual activity and which gender(s) they were sexually attracted to, fantasized about, or had sexual relations with 6 months to 1 year before and after castration.

RESULTS:

A substantial proportion of men remained sexually active after castration; 37% had sex at least several times per week. Most respondents did not report a change in preferred gender(s) of attraction (65%, n = 181), fantasies (62%, n = 169), or sexual relationships (66%, n = 163), although approximately 20% to 30% of respondents did report such changes and 8% to 11% became non-sexual after castration. Respondents who were attracted to and fantasized about "only men" or who had sexual relationship with "only women" before castration were the least likely to report a change subsequent to castration. Respondents who were taking neither supplemental testosterone nor estrogen were more likely to report (i) becoming attracted to no one, (ii) fantasizing about no one, and (iii) becoming sexually inactive.

CONCLUSION:

Sexual changes in voluntarily castrated men vary and can be influenced by various factors including the use of supplemental testosterone or estrogen therapy.

Purchase full article at:   http://goo.gl/LfQ2dk

By:  Handy AB1, Jackowich RA2, Wibowo E3, Johnson TW4, Wassersug RJ5.

• 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
• 2Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
• 3Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
• 4Department of Anthropology (Emeritus), California State University-Chico, Chico, CA, USA.
• 5Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: Richard.wassersug@ubc.ca. 
• Sex Med. 2016 Mar;4(1):e51-9. doi: 10.1016/j.esxm.2015.11.001.

More at:  https://twitter.com/hiv insight

And: http://twitter.com/Prison Health

Non-Homicidal and Homicidal Sexual Offenders: Prevalence of Maladaptive Personality Traits and Paraphilic Behaviors

This study aims to examine the psychopathological profile of non-homicidal sexual offenders (NHSOs) and homicidal sexual offenders (HSOs). 

Using an incarcerated sample of 96 NHSOs and 74 HSOs in a federal penitentiary in Canada, these offenders are compared in terms of their offending process, maladaptive personality traits, and paraphilic behaviors. A number of cross-tabular and sequential logistic regression analyses are performed. 

Relative to their counterpart, findings indicate that a higher percentage of HSOs select a victim of choice, report deviant sexual fantasies, mutilate their victim, and admit to their offense upon apprehension, whereas a higher percentage of NHSOs select victims with distinctive characteristics. In addition, a higher percentage of HSOs manifest paranoid, schizotypal, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, and impulsive personality traits, and overall odd and eccentric personality traits compared with NHSOs. 

Similarly, a higher percentage of HSOs engage in exhibitionism, fetishism, frotteurism, homosexual pedophilia, sexual masochism, and partialism compared with NHSO. 

These findings are discussed with their implications for offender profiling.

Purchase full article at:   http://goo.gl/CCUnoY

By:  Chan HC1, Beauregard E2.

• 1City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR oliverchan.ss@cityu.edu.hk.
• 2Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. 
• J Interpers Violence. 2015 Mar 27. pii: 0886260515575606

More at:  https://twitter.com/hiv insight

And: http://twitter.com/Prison Health

Defining “Normophilic” and “Paraphilic” Sexual Fantasies in a Population‐Based Sample: On the Importance of Considering Subgroups

Introduction

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM‐5), a sexual fantasy (SF) is paraphilic if it concerns activities outside the realm of “genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners” (normophilic). Intensity of the paraphilic SF is also “greater than or equal to normophilic interests.” Surprisingly, however, very few data are available to corroborate that definition of a paraphilic SF. Although the relatively high prevalence of paraphilic SF in the general population is well known, the magnitude of difference between intensity of “normophilic” and “paraphilic” SF remains to be assessed.

Aim

The main goal of this study was to analyze the SF of adults recruited in the general population to obtain person profiles based on the nature and intensity of their SF.

Methods

Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) were used with data collected from 1,501 adults recruited in the general population to generate subgroups of participants based on the nature and intensity of their SF.

Main outcome measures

The main outcome measures used was a revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire.

Results

When all participants are considered as a unique group, the mean intensity of the most intense “normophilic”SF (oral sex) is significantly higher than the mean intensity of the most intense “paraphilic” SF (being sexually dominated for women and watching two women having sex for men), as expected from the DSM‐5. When clusters of participants are considered separately, however, conclusions are nuanced. Four significant clusters of participants (two predominantly female and two predominantly male) reported at least one paraphilic SF with intensity as high as that of their most intense “normophilic” SF. In fact, 57% of this sample met the criteria of paraphilia.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the current criteria for paraphilia are too inclusive. Suggestions are given to improve the definition of pathological sexual interests, and the crucial difference between SF and sexual interest is underlined.

Below:  Mean intensity of each SF for the seven clusters of participants

Full article at:  http://goo.gl/5t6VPk

By:  Christian C. Joyal, PhD 1 , 2

¹Université du Québec à Trois‐Rivières (http://www.uqtr.ca/), Trois‐Rivieres, Québec, Canada

²Philippe‐Pinel Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada

Corresponding author.

^*Corresponding Author: Christian C. Joyal, PhD, Université du Québec à Trois‐Rivières, Québec, Canada. Tel: 819‐376‐5011 ext. 3559; Fax: 819‐376‐5195; E‐mail: ac.rtqu@layoj.naitsirhc

More at:  https://twitter.com/hiv insight

And: http://twitter.com/Prison Health

Assessment of Sexual Fantasies in Psychiatric Inpatients with Mood and Psychotic Disorders and Comorbid Personality Disorder Traits

Introduction

Sexuality is an important aspect of quality of life and sexual fantasies comprise a normal part of human sexuality. However, the nature of sexuality and sexual fantasies of patients with mental illness remains an understudied area.

Aim

To investigate the nature and frequency of sexual fantasies in psychiatric patients, the present study compared the frequency of four types of sexual fantasies across four different mood and psychotic diagnoses and three personality disorder clusters.

Methods

Study participants included 133 psychiatric inpatients recruited from an urban hospital. Sexual fantasies were compared across patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, major depressive disorder and three nonclinical samples from the literature and then correlated with personality cluster scores.

Main Outcome Measures

Subjects were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV for Axis I and for Axis II Disorders. Sexual fantasies were assessed by the Wilson Sexual Fantasies Questionnaire, which measures four types of sexual fantasies (exploratory, intimate, impersonal, and sadomasochistic).

Results

Within the entire sample, there were significant differences across sexual fantasy types, with subjects scoring highest on intimate sexual fantasies and then exploratory, impersonal, and sadomasochistic. There were no significant differences across mood and psychotic diagnostic groups for any of the sexual fantasy scales and the scores were within the normative range of nonclinical samples. Patients with high cluster B scores scored significantly higher on all four fantasy scales than those without. Patients with high cluster A scores scored lower on intimate fantasies, but there was no association between cluster C scores and sexual fantasies. The association between cluster B and sexual fantasies remained consistent across Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV for Axis I diagnoses (no interaction effect).

Conclusion

Patients with severe mental illness report sexual fantasies that are largely affiliative in nature and consistent with normative patterns. This suggests that assessment and treatment of sexual issues in the mentally ill should be part of the clinical routine as it is in healthy individuals.

Full article at:   http://goo.gl/vkOShV

By:  Giancarlo Colón Vilar, MD, Erika Concepción, MD, Igor Galynker, MD, PhD, Thachell Tanis, BA, Firouz Ardalan, BA, Zimri Yaseen, MD, Lisa J. Cohen, PhD

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA

More at:  https://twitter.com/hiv insight

And: http://twitter.com/Prison Health